Phylogeny Of Plants
Evolution of plant senescence Abstract. Evolution and diversification of the angiosperms.
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Understanding of this history is largely based on knowledge of extant plants but the fossil record is playing an increasingly important role in refining and illuminating this picture.
Phylogeny of plants. Viridiplantae originated 700-1500 million years ago and may comprise as. Senescence-like processes occur also in. Some gene replication events including tandem replication WGD Whole Genome Duplicationsegment duplication and chromosomal and gene-level rearrangements have driven the evolution of protein-coding gene families Maher et al 2006.
The extant species from earliest basal angiosperm cladesthe. The three bryophyte groups hornworts liverworts mosses may not form a monophyletic clade but they share life history features including dominant free-living gametophytes and matrotrophic monosporangiate sporophytes. The evolutionary chronicle of plant life on the Earth.
Vascular plants are nested within bryophytes. Morphological and molecular analyses resolve many aspects of vascular plant phylogeny though others remain uncertain. A phylogeny is a description in words or diagrams of the evolutionary history of a group of related species.
Cupressales Araucariaceae Podocarpaceae SciadopityaceaeTaxaceae Cupressaceae Pinales. Phylogenetic relationships among the major lineages of green plants. The evolutionary chronicle of plant life on Earth.
It depicts a sequence of branching events and may also identify the characteristic features that mark various lineages. Gene replication and differentiation are important processes for gene family expansion and novel functional evolution in the plant genome. We present evidence that the genes and metabolism representing the core of the process of senescence in.
The bryophytes comprise three phyla of embryophytes that are well established to occupy the first nodes among extant lineages in the land-plant tree of life. The molecular phylogeny strongly conflicts with current interpretations of seed plant morphology and implies that many similarities between gnetophytes and angiosperms such as flower-like reproductive structures and double fertilization were independently derived whereas other characters could emerge as synapomorphies for an expanded conifer group including Gnetales. A plant phylogeny therefore is a phylogeny of plants.
Trends Plant Sci 7 550 - 554. Phylogeny of Plants is an article from Botanical Gazette Volume 53. The analysis used 22 taxa of land plants and 90 characters relating to male gametogenesis.
Although most people have a general idea of what a plant is it is difficult to. Gnetales EphedraceaeGnetaceae Welwitschiaceae ANGIOSPERMSFLOWERING PLANTS. The early evolution of angiosperms is still a bit murky but we do know from the fossil record that the diversity of the flowering plants exploded 100 million years ago likely aided in their march across the planet by the insects and other animals that pollinate the flowers and disperse the seeds of many angiosperm species.
However all current definitions of Plantae exclude the fungi and some algae as well as the prokaryotes the archaea and bacteria. Plants are mainly multicellular organisms predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom PlantaeHistorically plants were treated as one of two kingdoms including all living things that were not animals and all algae and fungi were treated as plants. Coleochaete or CharaNitella were the outgroups in various analyses using HENNIG86 PAUP and MacClade and the land plant phylogeny was unchanged regardless of outgroup utilized.
Study of deoxyribonucleic acid DNA sequences has also been revolutionizing this process in recent years. Senescence is integral to the flowering plant life-cycle. Although these data have helped resolve the phylogeny of numerous clades eg green algae angiosperms and gymnosperms their utility for inferring relationships across all green plants is uncertain.
Gene expression profiles. GYMNOSPERMS Cycadales Cycadaceae Zamiaceae Ginkgoales. Lycopsids and zosterophylls are.
Adapted from Pryer et al 2002 Deciding among green plants for whole genome studies. View more articles from Botanical GazetteView this article on JSTORView this articles. The values in parenthesis represent the approximate number of species.
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